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During the journey of Pregnancy mother encounter various medical tests and screenings to ensure the health of both mother and growing baby. One of these important tests is the NT scan in Pregnancy, which plays a crucial role in assessing the well-being of the growing baby. In this informative blog, we’ll take a closer look at what the NT scan is, why it’s performed, what to expect during the procedure, and what the results mean for you and your pregnancy.
What is an NT Scan in Pregnancy?
NT stands for “Nuchal Translucency,” and an NT scan is a specialized ultrasound that measures the thickness of the clear space at the back of your baby’s neck. This test is typically performed between the 11th and 14th weeks of pregnancy and is a vital part of the first-trimester (first three months of Pregnancy) screening for certain chromosomal abnormalities, primarily Down syndrome.
Why is the NT Scan Performed?
The NT scan serves several important purposes:
1. Early Detection:
It helps detect potential chromosomal abnormalities early in the pregnancy.
2. Risk Assessment:
By measuring the nuchal translucency, healthcare providers can estimate the risk of your baby having conditions like Down syndrome, trisomy 13, or trisomy 18.
3. Informed Choices:
The results of the NT scan allow expectant parents to make informed decisions regarding further testing or pregnancy management.
What is the risk of Chromosomal Anomalies in Pregnancy?
The risk of chromosomal anomalies in pregnancy varies based on factors such as maternal age. For women under 30, the risk is approximately 1 in 500 pregnancies. However, for women aged 35 and older, the risk significantly increases, with about 1 in 200 pregnancies at age 35, 1 in 75 at age 40, and 1 in 30 at age 45. These figures are approximate and can vary based on individual factors. Other factors such as family history of Chromosomal Anomalies, Previous Pregnancy Child with Chromosomal Anomaly, Assisted Reproductive Techniques like IVF also increases risk of Chromosomal Anomalies.
What to Expect During the NT Scan in Pregnancy.
The NT scan is a relatively simple and non-invasive procedure. Here’s what you can expect:
1. Ultrasound Machine:
You will be asked to lie on an examination table, and a gel will be applied to your abdomen. The healthcare provider will use an ultrasound probe which is a handheld device of an ultrasound machine that moves over your lower abdomen to take images of your baby.
2. Measurement:
The Sonologist will carefully measure the nuchal translucency, which is the fluid-filled space at the back of the baby’s neck. This measurement is typically done when the baby is in a specific position.
3. No Pain or Radiation:
The procedure is painless, and it does not involve any radiation. You may feel a slight pressure from the ultrasound probe, but it’s not uncomfortable.
4. Duration:
The NT scan usually takes around 20-30 minutes.
Understanding the Results of NT Scan in Pregnancy.
The results of the NT scan are typically expressed as a ratio or a likelihood of your baby having a chromosomal abnormality. These results are combined with other factors like your age and specific blood tests like Double Marker Test and NIPT Test to provide a more accurate risk assessment.
Low Risk:
A low NT measurement ( < 3mm) and other factors indicate a lower risk of chromosomal abnormalities.
Increased Risk:
An elevated NT measurement ( > 3mm) or other concerning factors may lead to an increased risk assessment.
What is the NT Scan accuracy?
Roughly 70% of cases of trisomy 21, or Down syndrome, can be identified by NT tests alone. Many medical professionals combine blood testing with a standard NT ultrasound. When first-trimester blood tests like Double Marker Test and NIPT Test are added, the prediction accuracy rises to almost 95%.
Read More about Double Marker Test
It’s important to note that an NT scan is not a definitive diagnosis but rather a tool to estimate the risk. If your results indicate an increased risk, your healthcare provider may recommend further testing, such as Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS) or Amniocentesis, to provide a more conclusive diagnosis.
The Takeaway
The NT scan is a valuable tool in early pregnancy to assess the risk of chromosomal abnormalities in your baby. Remember, this is just one step in your prenatal care journey. It’s essential to discuss the results with your healthcare provider, who can guide you through the next steps and provide the support you need throughout your pregnancy. This test, along with other prenatal screenings, helps ensure a healthy and informed start to your parenting adventure.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is NT scan in Pregnancy?
The Nuchal Translucency (NT) scan is a prenatal screening test typically performed around the 11th to 14th week of pregnancy. It measures the thickness of a baby’s neck tissue to assess the risk of chromosomal abnormalities such as Down syndrome.
How NT scan is done?
The NT scan is a non-invasive ultrasound procedure. A trained sonographer or healthcare provider uses an ultrasound machine to measure the thickness of the clear space at the back of the baby’s neck. This measurement is typically taken when the baby is in a specific position, and the results are combined with the mother’s age and other factors to assess the risk of chromosomal abnormalities. It’s a simple and low-risk procedure that doesn’t require any needles or invasive techniques.
When NT scan is done?
The NT scan is typically performed between the 11th and 14th week of pregnancy, usually around the 12th week. This timing is important because it allows for an accurate measurement of the nuchal translucency, which is a crucial factor in assessing the risk of chromosomal abnormalities in the developing baby.
What is normal range of NT scan?
The normal range for the Nuchal Translucency (NT) scan measurement is typically less than 3 millimeters (mm). An NT measurement within this range is considered normal. However, it’s important to note that the NT measurement is just one factor considered in conjunction with other maternal factors like age to assess the risk of chromosomal abnormalities in the developing fetus.
Is NT scan compulsory in pregnancy?
The Nuchal Translucency (NT) scan is not compulsory in pregnancy; it is an optional screening test. Whether or not to have an NT scan is a personal decision made by the expectant parents after discussing the benefits and risks with their healthcare provider. The scan can provide valuable information about the risk of certain chromosomal abnormalities, but it’s not a mandatory part of prenatal care.
What is the NT scan cost in India?
The NT Scan price in India can vary widely depending on the city, healthcare facility, and the specific services included. On average, the cost may range from INR 1,000 to INR 3,000 or more at present. It’s advisable to check with local hospitals, clinics, or diagnostic centers to get the most accurate and up-to-date pricing information in your area.
Can baby with high NT be normal?
Yes, a baby with a high Nuchal Translucency (NT) measurement can still be normal. While an increased NT measurement is associated with a higher risk of chromosomal abnormalities, it is not a definitive diagnosis. Many pregnancies with high NT values result in healthy babies, and other factors, such as additional tests and genetic counseling, may be necessary to further assess the baby’s condition and provide a more accurate diagnosis or reassurance.
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